Comparative evaluation of rapid <em>Salmonella</em> Typhi IgM/IgG and Widal test
for the diagnosis of enteric fever

Farjana Akter; Mahmuda Yeasmin; Md. Zahangir Alam; Md. Rokibul Hasan; Fahmida Rahman; Elisha Khandker; Md. Monirul Hoque; Lovely Barai; Md. Mohiuddin; Md. Shariful Alam Jilani

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Issue: Vol.14 No.1 - January 2020

Comparative evaluation of rapid Salmonella Typhi IgM/IgG and Widal test for the diagnosis of enteric fever

Authors:

Farjana Akter

Affiliations

Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College, 1/A Ibrahim Sarani, Segunbagicha, Dhaka, Bangladesh

,

Mahmuda Yeasmin

Affiliations

Department of Virology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh

,

Md. Zahangir Alam

Affiliations

Bangladesh Specialized Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

,

Md. Rokibul Hasan

Affiliations

Department of Microbiology, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh

,

Fahmida Rahman

Affiliations

Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College, 1/A Ibrahim Sarani, Segunbagicha, Dhaka, Bangladesh

,

Elisha Khandker

Affiliations

Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College, 1/A Ibrahim Sarani, Segunbagicha, Dhaka, Bangladesh

,

Md. Monirul Hoque

Affiliations

Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College, 1/A Ibrahim Sarani, Segunbagicha, Dhaka, Bangladesh

,

Lovely Barai

Affiliations

Department of Microbiology, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), 122 Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh

,

Md. Mohiuddin

Affiliations

Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College, 1/A Ibrahim Sarani, Segunbagicha, Dhaka, Bangladesh

,

Md. Shariful Alam Jilani

Affiliations

Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College, 1/A Ibrahim Sarani, Segunbagicha, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Background: Accurate and early diagnosis of enteric fever is a diagnostic challenge where facility for blood culture is not available. As a result, Widal test is still used widely in resource limited settings. Recently, user-friendly rapid immunochromatographic tests (ICT) have been introduced for quick diagnosis of enteric fever. So, we evaluated sensitivity and specificity of an immunochromatography based Salmonella Typhi IgM/IgG test kit and Widal test compared to blood culture for the diagnosis of enteric fever.

Method: The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College (IMC) and Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) from June 2017 to September 2017. Clinically suspected enteric fever cases were included. Blood culture, Widal and Salmonella Typhi IgM/IgG detecting ICT were employed for the diagnosis of enteric fever.

Results: Out of 71 suspected cases of enteric fever, blood culture was positive in 36 cases (50.7%) while 42 (59.15%) and 35 (49.29%) cases were positive by Widal test and ICT respectively. Widal and ICT had sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 89.9% and 82.9% & 91.4% respectively.

Conclusion: Findings of the study suggest that both Widal and immunochromatographic tests can be used interchangeably for rapid diagnosis of enteric fever.

IMC J Med Sci 2020; 14(1): 004. EPub date: 29 February 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/imcjms.v14i1.47452

Address for Correspondence: Dr. Farjana Akter. Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College, 1/A Ibrahim Sarani, Segunbagicha, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh, 10^th floor, Room: 1118. Email: [email protected]